Information Systems worldwide are under constant threat of attack and the global reach of the Internet only magnifies the problem. However, new threats are arising that are more treacherous than the hackings of the past; these new threats are driven by political motivations. Hacktivism, cyberterrorism and cyberwarfare provide techniques to attack enemies across the world without ever having to cross a national border, or even leave home. Governments and private industry must understand the external threats they face and prepare to combat them.